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The future of academic

Several models are being investigated as open publishing models or adding features community-oriented [4]. It is also considered that "scientific online interaction outside the traditional journal space is becoming increasingly important for scholarly communication "[5]

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[edit] Academic Paper

In academic publishing, a document is an academic work that is usually published in an academic journal. It contains original research results or reviews existing results. That document, also called an article, only shall be valid if it undergoes a peer review process by one or more arbitrators

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(who are academics in the same field), to verify that the contents of the document is suitable for publication in the magazine. A document may undergo a series of revisions, edits and re presentations - before being accepted or rejected for publication. This process usually takes several months.

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Next there is often a delay of many months (or in some subjects, more than a year) before publication, especially for the most popular journals where the number of items exceeds the space acceptable for printing. Because of this, many academics offer a "pre-print 'copy of your paper for free download from their personal or Institutional website.

Some journals, especially the newer ones, are now published electronically. The paper journals are usually available in electronic form, and both to individual subscribers, and libraries. Almost always these electronic versions are available to subscribers immediately after publication of the paper version or earlier, sometimes it is also available to non-subscribers after an embargo of two to twenty four months, to protect against the loss of subscriptions. Magazines with the delay in availability are usually called delayed open access journals.

[edit] Peer review

Main article: Peer review

Peer review is a central concept for the publication of most academics, other scholars in a field must find a quality job high enough to merit publication. The process also guards against plagiarism. The flaws in the review peer, while probably are common, sometimes outrageous (the Bogdanov affair in theoretical physics, is one example, the case Sokal is certainly another, although this controversy also involved many other issues).

[edit] Publication Process

The process of academic publication is divided into two distinct phases. The peer review process is organized by the editor of the magazine and is complete when the contents of the article, along with associated images or figures, accepted for publication. The review process is increasingly managed online, through the use of proprietary systems or software packages business such as manuscripts ScholarOne, Aries Editorial Manager and EJournalPress.

Once peer review is completed, the original author (s) Article submission is amended in line with the comments of the reviewers, and this is repeated until it meets the editor.

The production process controlled by a production editor or publisher, and then makes a copy of the article through the editing, typesetting, inclusion in an issue specific magazine, and then print and online publication. Copy editing seeks to ensure that an article follows the house style of the magazine, that all references and labeling is correct, and there is no spelling or grammatical errors. Composition is the appearance of the article - designs, sources, titles, etc. for both print and online publication. Historically, these activities are carried out at home in an editor, but increasingly are being outsourcing. The composition is most probably now done in India and China, and copy editing is often performed by workers local self, or the staff of typesetters in India or China. Even the printing and distribution of the current trend is to move abroad to areas less expensive in the world, including Singapore. [citation needed]

In much of the 20th century, these items were photographed for printing in the proceedings and journals, and this phase is known as "camera ready" copy. By presenting modern digital format as PDF, pictures of this step is no longer necessary, although the term is still sometimes used.

The author of revision and proofreading in one or more stages in the production process. The correction cycle test has historically been intensive work such as handwritten comments by authors and publishers manually transcribed by a proof reader to a clean version of the test. In recent years this process has been simplified with the introduction of e-notes in Microsoft Word, Adobe Acrobat and other programs, but still remains a slow and error prone process.

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